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Soil moisture plays an important role in agricultural monitoring, drought and flood prediction, forest fire prediction, water supply management, and other natural resource-related activities. Soil moisture observations can warn of imminent drought and flood conditions before other  standard indicators are triggered.   As defined in AMS Glossary of Meteorology, soil moisture is "the total amount of  water vapor-containing water in  unsaturated soil." Soil moisture (sometimes called soil water) refers to surface water  in the pores of the soil, not rivers, lakes, or groundwater. Soil moisture levels are determined by a variety of factors other than weather conditions, such as soil type and associated vegetation. Second, soil moisture affects the various dynamics of soil and plants. Surface soil moisture is  water located 10 cm above the soil, and root zone soil moisture is  water  available to plants-generally considered to be located 200 cm ab...

Land Surface Temperature data (LST) is an important data for many kind of geospatial analysis. It could provide initial information about environmental condition like drought event, Urban Heat Island Phenomena, climatic condition, air pollution, and many others. LST can be generated from satellite imagery thermal bands with additional information from Visible Near Infrared Bands. Because there are not many operational satellite imaging in orbit can provide these kind of data. Precisely the sensors that could provides LST only limited to certain sensors at low to mid resolution like MODIS, AVHRR, Landsat 4 to 8, ASTER, and the latest Sentinel-3.  If we talks about how to generate LST from satellite imagery, many researchers have been published numerous methods published in wide range of scientific papers. These methods ranging from simple single channel thermal band LST extraction to more complex methods involved meteorological parameters like water vapor, clouds height, and many ot...